Shared Psychotic Disorder
 · 2 min read
 · Bruce Wheelis
Table of contents

Understanding Shared Psychotic Disorder: Symptoms and Diagnostic Criteria

Introduction

Shared Psychotic Disorder, also known as folie à deux, is a rare and complex mental health condition characterized by a delusion shared between two individuals. This disorder often occurs in the context of a close relationship, where one person, usually the dominant partner, exhibits strong delusions that their counterpart comes to share. Understanding the symptoms and diagnostic criteria is crucial for identifying and addressing this condition effectively.

Details

  • Symptoms of Shared Psychotic Disorder

    • Delusions
      • The primary symptom of Shared Psychotic Disorder is the presence of delusions.
      • These delusions are typically bizarre or implausible and are shared between the individuals involved.
    • Types of Delusions
      • Persecutory Delusions: Belief that they are being persecuted or harmed by external forces.
      • Grandiose Delusions: Belief in having special powers or being an important figure.
      • Referential Delusions: Belief that common elements of the environment are directly related to the individual.
      • Mood Congruent Delusions: Delusions that are consistent with the individual's mood.
    • Behavioral Changes
      • Individuals may exhibit significant behavioral changes in line with their delusions.
      • This may include withdrawal from social interactions, changes in daily habits, or an increase in secrecy.
    • Cognitive Disturbances
      • Impairments in judgment and reasoning may be evident, though insight into the dysfunction can vary.
      • There may be difficulty focusing on the task at hand or engaging in rational thought processes.

  • Diagnostic Criteria for Shared Psychotic Disorder

    • DSM-5 Classification
      • Classified under the category of substance-related and addictive disorders in the DSM-5.
      • Requires that the delusions be consistent with the established definitions of psychotic disorders.
    • Duration
      • The presence of the shared delusions must persist for a significant duration, typically for a month or longer.
      • If the delusions last for less than this duration, they may be diagnosed as brief psychotic disorder.
    • Relationship
      • The individuals involved must have a close relationship, often living together or being in an intimate relationship.
      • The dominant partner usually has an established psychotic disorder while the other develops the shared delusion.
    • Exclusion of Other Conditions
      • The delusional beliefs must not be attributable to another mental disorder, medical condition, or substance use.
      • An assessment must ensure that there are no other underlying psychiatric disorders influencing the presentation.

Conclusion

Shared Psychotic Disorder is a rare but significant mental health condition that can have profound effects on the individuals involved. Recognizing the symptoms and adhering to the diagnostic criteria are essential for effective treatment and support. By understanding this disorder, caregivers and clinicians can better assist those affected, facilitating a path towards recovery and social reintegration.