Rediscovering The Great Pyramid of Cholula: Key Archaeological Findings

Introduction

The Great Pyramid of Cholula, known as Tlachihualtepetl, stands as one of the largest pyramids in the world by volume, yet much of its history remained shrouded in mystery until recent archaeological efforts began to unveil its secrets. As research continues, various findings are providing insight into its construction techniques, cultural significance, and the civilization that built it.

Details

• Structure and Size
  • The pyramid is approximately 450 meters on each side and 66 meters tall.
  • Constructed over multiple phases, it was built by the Nahua people around 200 BC.
  • Composed of millions of adobe bricks, it originally resembled a hillside before being modified.
• Burial Practices
  • Recent excavations revealed numerous burial sites around the pyramid.
  • Unique burial artifacts such as pottery and tools have been uncovered, indicating ritual practices.
  • Human remains suggest a blend of local and transcultural influences in burial customs.
• Art and Iconography
  • Painted murals found in associated structures depict various deities, shedding light on religious practices.
  • Carved stone sculptures discovered near the temple area reveal a rich iconographic tradition.
  • These artworks reflect the pantheon of gods worshipped by the cholultecas, highlighting their cultural identity.
• Construction Techniques
  • Advanced construction techniques were evidenced by the precise alignment and layering of bricks.
  • Evidence of ramps used during construction has been found, illustrating the engineering prowess of the builders.
  • The pyramid's multiple layers indicate a sophisticated understanding of architectural design influenced by geological factors.
• Agricultural Practices
  • Findings suggest that the surrounding area was heavily cultivated, providing resources to sustain the population.
  • Agricultural tools and remnants, including maize and other crops, were discovered nearby.
  • This indicates how the pyramid was not only a religious center but also tied to the community's subsistence and economy.
• Connectivity and Influence
  • Artifacts from distant regions have been found, suggesting trade routes and interregional relationships.
  • There are indicators of cultural exchanges with other Mesoamerican civilizations, such as the Mixtecs and Zapotecs.
  • The pyramid served as an important hub, linking different cultural narratives across Mesoamerica.

Conclusion

The archaeological findings at the Great Pyramid of Cholula provide invaluable insights into the sociopolitical and cultural life of the civilization that constructed it. From advanced construction techniques to rich burial practices and artistic expression, these discoveries underline the pyramid's significance as a monumental achievement in Mesoamerican history. As archaeology continues to unearth new aspects of this ancient site, our understanding of its profound impact on the region only deepens.