Everglades National Park, USA
 · 2 min read
 · Scarlett Yo-handsome
Table of contents

The Dangers of Invasive Species and Climate Change on Everglades Biodiversity

Introduction

The Everglades National Park, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a unique ecosystem home to an array of native species and habitats. However, the dual threats of invasive species and climate change are drastically affecting its biodiversity. As global temperatures rise and weather patterns shift, invasive species from various regions are finding their way into this delicate ecosystem, leading to significant ecological disruption.

Details

  • Increased Competition for Resources

    • Invasive species often compete with native species for food, water, and habitat.
      • For example, the introduction of non-native plants such as Brazilian pepper and melaleuca outcompete native flora, hindering their growth and reproduction.
        • This changes the landscape composition, which impacts herbivores dependent on native plants.
  • Predation and Disruption of Food Chains

    • Many invasive species are predators that threaten local wildlife.
      • The introduction of the Burmese python has led to dramatic declines in populations of small to medium-sized mammals.
        • As these prey species decline, larger predators also face food shortages, impacting the entire food web.
  • Alteration of Habitat Structure

    • Invasive species can change the physical characteristics of habitats.
      • Dense growth of invasive vegetation can block sunlight, reducing the growth of submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV).
        • This diminishes habitats critical for fish and other aquatic animals, leading to reduced biodiversity in these aquatic systems.
  • Spread of Diseases

    • Some invasive species bring pathogens that native species are not equipped to handle.
      • The introduction of non-native fish can spread diseases to local fish populations, adversely affecting their health and abundance.
        • Species that are already stressed due to climate change may have lower resilience to these diseases.
  • Synergistic Effects of Climate Change

    • Climate change exacerbates the impact of invasive species.
      • Rising temperatures can expand the range of opportunistic invasive species, allowing them to thrive in new areas.
        • Altered precipitation patterns can create favorable conditions for invasive aquatic plants, further disrupting native ecosystems.
  • Impact on Ecosystem Services

    • The presence of invasive species can degrade the ecosystem services that native species provide.
      • Loss of biodiversity can affect water quality, as various native plant species play a role in filtering pollutants.
        • This degradation can impact tourism and recreation, which are crucial for the local economy.

Conclusion

The combined effects of invasive species and climate change pose a significant threat to the biodiversity of Everglades National Park. Through increased competition, predation, habitat alteration, disease spread, and climate-related pressures, the integrity of this unique ecosystem is at risk. Conservation efforts must focus on managing and mitigating these threats to preserve the park's rich biological diversity for future generations.