Conversion Disorder
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Table of contents

Understanding Conversion Disorder Diagnosis Criteria

Introduction

Conversion Disorder, now referred to as Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder in some contexts, is a psychological condition where patients present with neurological symptoms that cannot be explained by medical or neurologic conditions. This article aims to clarify the diagnostic criteria for Conversion Disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5).

Details

According to the DSM-5, the diagnosis of Conversion Disorder must meet the following criteria:

  • A. Symptoms of altered motor or sensory function

    • The patient experiences symptoms or deficits that affect voluntary motor or sensory function.
    • These symptoms are inconsistent with known neurological or medical conditions.

  • B. Evidence of incompatibility

    • There must be a clear incompatibility between the symptom(s) and recognized neurological or medical conditions.
      • This is established through thorough clinical examination.
      • The symptoms can demonstrate patterns that do not align with neurological pathways.

  • C. Clinically significant distress or impairment

    • The symptoms cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
      • Patients may experience significant limitations in daily activities.
      • Psychological distress may manifest as anxiety or depression related to the symptoms.

  • D. Symptoms are not better explained by another medical or mental disorder

    • The symptoms should not be better explained by another pre-existing medical condition.
      • It is crucial that other potential diagnoses are ruled out.
      • The symptoms must not be consistent with a diagnosis of another mental health disorder, such as somatic symptom disorder.

  • E. Symptoms are not feigned or intentionally produced

    • The symptoms are not better explained by malingered or factitious disorder.
      • It must be clear that the individual is not intentionally producing or exaggerating symptoms to gain external benefits.

Conclusion

The diagnosis of Conversion Disorder according to the DSM-5 is a nuanced process that requires meeting specific criteria. The presence of altered motor or sensory functions that are inconsistent with medical explanations, along with significant distress, clearly differentiated diagnoses, and genuine symptom presentation, are all crucial for accurate diagnosis and subsequent treatment. Understanding these criteria is vital for both healthcare providers and individuals experiencing these challenging symptoms.